Abstract
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have revolutionized libraries from print libraries to digital repositories and even into metaspace in recent times. In the Metaverse, libraries seamlessly combine Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to create a dynamic, three-dimensional environment where users interact with information, engage in collaborative discussions, and experience immersive learning opportunities. The environments improve the user engagement, the retention of information and the access to information that goes beyond the physical environment. In this study, the concept and development of metaverse libraries, their potential to enhance user engagement and immersion experiences, and the opportunities and challenges of metaverse library adoption were discussed. A systematic literature review was performed following the PRISMA framework. A total of 23 studies were found in the electronic databases, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and institutional repositories, and 13 publications (2023–2026) were included based on inclusion criteria. The results show that metaverse libraries have a significant affect on information retrieval, collaboration, and experiential learning, in line with Science, Technology, and Society (STS) theory that focuses on the connection between technological innovation and the development of humans. In developing countries however, the process is hindered due to lack of infrastructure, funding, technical expertise and moral issues. To ensure sustainable adoption, the study suggests implementing the VR/AR technologies in a phased manner, ongoing capacity development of both the librarians and the users, and the creation of strong policies related to privacy, cybersecurity, accessibility, digital ethics etc.
Keywords: Metaverse Libraries, Information Access, User Engagement
Publication Date: 2026-07-31